Determination of changes in some morphological and agronomic properties of bread wheat (L.) M4 populations generated by gama irradiation

In this study, which was carried out in the 2019-2020 growing season in Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Field Crops as split plots design in randomized blocks with 4 replications 5 commercial wheat varieties and 20 M4 populations obtained from their 60Co source with 4 different gamma doses (100, 200, 300 and 400 Gy) were used as material. Differences between genotype and mutation dose averages for grain yield and quality traits examined in the study, and genotype x dose interaction were found to be statistically significant for all traits except the number of grains per spike and wet gluten ratio. Generally not regular; gamma ray doses shifted positive direction for plant height, spike length, grain weight per spike, protein content, wet gluten content, zeleny sedimentation value, energy value and grain hardness, and shifted negative direction for spikelet number per spike, number of grain per spike, thousand grain weight, harvest index, test weight and grain yield compared to control. In bread wheat mutation breeding studies, it has been understood that gamma ray doses between 100 and 200 Gy for improving yield and yield components and gamma ray doses between 300 and 400 Gy for improving grain quality characteristics can produce results that are more effective. Broad sense heritability and expected genetic progression values at %10 selection severity varied between %53.66-%96.31 and %0.53-%67.85, respectively. It is seen that selection for alveograph energy value, which predicts high genetic advance with high heritability, may be effective in M4 generation. High heritability and moderate genetic advance values were estimated for the number of grains per spike and grain hardness, indicating that it may be more appropriate the selection for these traits to delay the next generations.