Investigation of the effect of waste ratio on the mechanical and permeability characteristics of the non-woven surfaces produced by the air through method

In this study, the effect of waste rate on the mechanical and permeability properties of nonwovens produced by air through bonding was investigated. Within the scope of the thesis, nonwovens with a waste fiber-free reference fabric and five percent, ten percent and fifteen percent waste rates of eighty gram per square meters , were produced with air through bonding. The aim of the study was to investigate whether the ratio of waste fibers reused by recycling had an effect on the mechanical and permeability properties of the nonwoven fabrics produced. Weight and thickness, air permeability, water vapor permeability, fabric strength and elongation, bending rigidity, pilling and water absorbency tests were performed to the fabrics. In addition, images of SEM analysis were also used. As a result of the experiments, it was observed that the tensile strength values in the machine direction did not show a linear decrease in the direction of the waste rate as expected and the values in the cross direction were close to each other. It was observed that both air permeability and water absorbency decreased with increasing waste rate. On the other hand, no trends and no differences between the water vapor permeability values of the diferent fabrics consisting of different waste fibre percentages were observed. The bending rigidty values decreased by increasing the waste ratio in the cross direction, but the bending rigidity values of the fabric samples in the machine direction were not measured. In the pilling tests, deformation and tears were observed in the samples due to the fabric structure. As a result of the experiments, it was concluded that waste fibre can be used on nonwovens produced by air thorugh bonding method, the amount of waste can be increased and/or decreased in line with the demands of the end user, and can contribute to the environment by recycling and recycling of waste, and production costs can be reduced.