Comparison of biochemical findings, nutritional status and anthropometric measurements of pregnant women with hyperemesis gravidarum diagnosis and healthy pregnants

Nausea and vomiting, one of the most common problems of the pregnancy period, is one of the problems that pregnant women often encounter. This study was conducted on pregnant women diagnosed with Hyperemesis Gravidarum in the first trimester and healthy pregnant women by the doctor who applied to Ankara A Life Hospital Hospital Obstetrics Outpatient Clinic between February 2020 and April 2020 and voluntarily accepted to participate in the study. The research was conducted with a total of 60 pregnant women, 30 of whom were healthy and 30 were diagnosed with HG. The study was conducted on singleton pregnancies before the 14th week of pregnancy, on patients without gastrointestinal, audiovisestibular, endocrinological, infectious and psychological disorders that may cause nausea and vomiting. Participants; A questionnaire including sociodemographic characteristics, general characteristics, and the frequency of food consumption was applied, and the obtained data, blood and urine findings were examined. Its anthropometric measurements were determined by the researcher. The average daily energy and nutrient intake amounts were calculated using the data obtained from the food consumption frequency record. The adequacy of consumption of energy and nutrients was evaluated according to the recommended Dietary Reference Intake Level (DRI) values, which are recommended to be taken daily according to gender and age. Energy intake average of pregnant women with HG at the end of the study is 1811.20 ± 190.42 kcal / day. It has been determined that %40.37 ± 5.12 of their total energy comes from carbohydrates, %13.57 ± 1.38 from proteins and %46.20 ± 5.26 from fat. The average energy intake of healthy pregnant women is 1898.74 ± 295.93 kcal / day. It was determined that %40.47 ± 5.88 of the total energy came from carbohydrates, %13.87 ± 1.80 from proteins and %45.70 ± 6.35 from fats. According to the HG status of pregnant women, energy (kcal), carbohydrate (g), carbohydrate (%), protein (g), protein (%), vegetable protein (g), fat (g), fat (%), saturated fat (g), monounsaturated fat (g), polyunsaturated fat (g), cholesterol (mg), omega-3 (g) and omega-6 (g) consumption did not show statistically significant difference (p> 0.05). On the other hand, dietary fiber, soluble fiber and insoluble fiber consumption showed statistically significant difference (p <0.05). When the averages were examined, it was determined that healthy pregnant women consumed more micro-nutrients such as vitamin B2, vitamin B3, vitamin B6, folate, potassium, magnesium, phosphorus and iron than pregnant women with HG. While %60.0 of pregnant women diagnosed with HG had ketone positive in the urine, the ketone value in the urine was negative in all healthy pregnant women, and this difference was statistically significant (p <0.05). This work; It shows that steps should be taken to determine the nutritional status of pregnant women with HG and, accordingly, to improve the pregnancy process, and these results should be supported by new studies.