Ordinary crimes in İstanbul during the Second Period of the Legitimacy (1908-1918)

The Ottoman Empire with the proclamation of the Second Legitimacy; has entered a period of many changes in the political, economic, legal, military and social spheres. Especially between 1908 and 1918, the uprisings experienced by the Ottoman Empire, political encampments, unsolved murders, wars, migrations, economic crises first had an effect in Istanbul and the security and security of the city were negatively affected. Increasing crime cases and security concerns in the city have unsettled the residents of Istanbul and have been disturbed in bureaucratic and political circles. Second, the law enforcement agencies of the Abdulhamid era failed to intervene in the criminal cases in Istanbul in a timely manner and were incapable of ensuring the security of the city. While this makes the modernization of the policing elements in Istanbul inevitable, it has led to important steps to centralize the security forces and specialize in their professions during the period of legitimacy II. This study covers common petty and sexually explicit crimes and criminals who committed these crimes in Istanbul, the capital of the Ottoman Empire, which suffered significant fractures between 1908 and 1918. At the same time, the factors that revealed the phenomenon of crime in Istanbul and what measures the security forces took in this regard were mentioned. Keywords: II. Period of Legitimacy, Istanbul, Crime, Criminality, Policing and Security.