Impact of ev charging stations on the power quality of distribution network and optimal placement of charging stations according to network conditions

Nowadays, electric vehicles and their markets are growing gradually due to the development in battery and component technology. Many car companies announced that they will stop the production of diesel vehicles in the future and will work on electric vehicles. It is inevitable that some needs and problems will arise in the future due to this rapid increase in electric vehicles. In this study, a method based on an analytical hierarchy process has been proposed to allocate the charging stations optimally considering specified criteria to eliminate possible problems that may occur as a result of the rapid penetration of electric vehicles to the grid. In addition, the prevalence of electric vehicles in the future and the load and power quality problems that may be brought to the electricity distribution network by electric vehicles as a result of these expansions have been examined. Increases in transformer loads and in distribution lines can cause power quality problems. Voltage drops and malfunctions that may occur due to new transformers are among these problems. In order to investigate the effects of locating charging stations considering the current status of the utility grid, a proof-of-concept model has been conducted by using MATLAB/Simulink environment. A ring network that is fed from two distribution centers has been determined as a reference area in the simulation model. With this allocation method, charging stations have been positioned on the sample network effectively. Following the layout of the charging stations according to the analytical hierarchy method, the power quality aspect has been examined.