Investigation of the effect of differences in bone density on the implant site to the changes in marginal bone levels around the implant in two different implant types

In this study, the effects of bone density on marginal bone loss in two different implant types and the relationship between insertion torque (IT), resonance frequency analysis (RFA) and bone density with bone loss were investigated. For this purpose, the patients to be implanted were placed on film with aluminium step-wedge (Al-Sw) and standardized periapical radiographs were taken immediately before, immediately after, and 3, 6, 9, and 12 months. Densitometric measurements were made on the obtained radiographs and the bone density in the implant area was calculated as mmAlEq. In addition, marginal bone loss measurements were made on the same radiographs. ISQ and IT measurements were performed during the surgical placement of the implant. At the end of one year follow-up, marginal bone loss was measured as 0.21 mm for the conical implant and 0.82 mm for the cylindrical implant. When the conical implant was used, the amount of bone loss decreased as the bone density increased. When a cylindrical implant was used, no linear relationship was observed as observed in the conical implant. In the case of a conical implant with an IT value of around 50, there is a minimum amount of bone loss, whereas in a cylindrical implant this value is around 30-40. The higher the ISQ value is achieved with conical implantation, the less bone loss has occurred. Cylindrical implants were found to have at least bone loss when the ISQ value was in the range of 70-80. There was no correlation between IT and bone density in both types of implants. Similarly, there was no correlation between IT and ISQ. As a result of a one-year follow-up, both implants showed values below the accepted marginal bone loss. However, the marginal bone loss observed in the conical implant was statistically significantly lower than the cylindrical implant (p <0.001). The amount of bone loss in males was statistically significantly higher than that of females (p <0.0035). Key words: Marginal bone loss, density, RFA, IT