Purification in the Qur'an in the context of analyzing the human inner world

Man is a being that sustains two complementary forces, the material and spiritual aspects. When the material aspect predominates, he is inclined towards māsiya, worldly desires, and thus he falls into the position of "esfel-i sāfilin", that is, the lowest of the low, while his spiritual aspect aspires to become a perfect human being. Instead of prioritizing the material aspect and living a life with a life motto in that direction, the duty of the human being is to stay away from excess and extremity and choose the path of moderation. At this point, the individual should reach the level of ahsen-i calendar through purification, which means cleansing his heart and soul from the oppression of denial, rebellion and heedlessness, that is, from spiritual dirt and veils. In order to reach this level, various ways are mentioned in the Holy Qur'an that enable people to fulfill their need for spiritual purification. In our study, in the light of the Holy Qur'an, the "ways of purification" that are instrumental in the salvation of man and aim to return him to his immaculate nature are examined. In this respect, in the first part, the concept of human being and the meaning of the internal elements that contribute to the return of human beings to their essence from a Qur'anic perspective and the effect of these efforts towards this essence on human psychology have been determined. In the second part of our study, the Qur'anic foundations of purification are discussed. These foundations are discussed in the context of classical and contemporary sources and the principles that the Qur'an sets forth as a means of human purification are evaluated. Keywords: Qur'an, Human, Heart, Soul, Purification.