İşçi ve kobot atama ile işbirlikçi montaj hattının dengelenmesi

For many years, the assembly line balancing problem has been handled with different solution approaches in the literature. Recently, the use of collaborative robots (cobots) on the assembly line has become very popular. Cobots have many advantages, especially in production systems where repetitive movements and/or lifting heavy loads are required while assisting workers. Cobots can work with workers to replicate human movements in the system and also minimize ergonomic risks because they are capable of doing hundreds of times more work than ordinary workers this does not apply to humans. Ergonomic risks also need to be evaluated and reduced in the working environment. For workers who are exposed to heavy working conditions from time to time, it is necessary to take a break according to the degree of difficulty of their work in order to minimize these ergonomic risks. While a break time is not required for cobots, they are known to work slower than workers. In this study, a linear integer programming model is proposed for the cost-based worker-cobot collaborative assembly line balancing problem in which energy expenditure problems are also addressed from ergonomics perspective. To evaluate the effectiveness of the cobots in assembly lines, a total of four different scenarios; i.e. assembly line only with the manual workforce, the collaborative assembly line with the cobots where the ergonomics perspective is ignored, collaborative assembly line with the cobots where the ergonomics perspective is ignored with different parameters in objective function, and collaborative assembly line with the cobots where the ergonomics perspective is addressed-change in energy expenditures were considered and their results were compared. and their results were compared.