The concept of ethical disease in Islamic moral philosophy

Islamic Philosophy is a philosophical tradition that developed in the Islamic world under the influence of ancient thought. Translation activities as a result of the interaction of Islam with different cultures played an important role in the formation of this philosophical movement. Although it caused controversy in the beginning, Islamic scholars adapted this philosophy to Islamic beliefs and gave it a systematic and compatible structure with Islam. Our study examines the concepts of virtue, vice, morality and ethical disease by focusing on the knowledge produced by this tradition, especially in the context of moral philosophy. This examination is carried out in three chapters. In the first part, the concepts of morality, virtue and vice are explained with their dictionary and philosophical meanings. In addition, the development of these concepts from antiquity to Islamic philosophy is also discussed. In the second chapter, the concept of disease as a medical phenomenon is explored. In this context, the nature of the concept of disease, its historical process, its formation, treatment and prevention are clarified. In particular, the close relationship between the concept of temperament and disease is emphasized and explained. In the last chapter, the thesis turns to the concept of ethical disease. This chapter investigates what the concept of ethical disease is, how it occurs, how it can be treated, and therefore how people can regain their ethical health. The chapter also attempts to clarify the connection between the concept of ethical disease and the concept of vice. The conclusion evaluates the results we have reached throughout this study. In this study, which examines the concept of moral illness, which is an extremely important concept for individual and social life, it is emphasized that virtuous behaviors should be encouraged in order to prevent the negative effects of ethical disease.