Abdullah b. Saba in Islamic history sources. Reasons and activities

Yemeni Bedouin tribes played an effective role in the political events that took place in the first century of the hijri. This role is clearly seen especially in the ridda events during the reign of Ebu Bekr and rebellions against the legitimate caliph towards the end of the Osman ibn Affan period. Abdullah ibn Saba, himself a Yemeni Jew, took action to depose Osman ibn Affan from the caliphate and to disintegrate the Islamic unity. Abdullah ibn Saba is the organizer and main actor of the coup attempt against Osman ibn Affan. Abdullah ibn Saba visited Osman ibn Affan's opponents and criticized his governers. The opposition led by Abdullah ibn Saba turned into a rebellion movement over time, and as a result, the legitimate caliph Osman ibn Affan was brutally martyred. Abdullah ibn Saba aimed to destroy the unity of Islam with the un-Islamic ideas he spread. The period of Ali ibn Ebî Talib's caliphate was also a time when the effectiveness of Abdullah ibn Saba and Sebeiyye sect in goverment increased. Abdullah ibn Saba and Sebeiyye sect in the Battie of Cemel. While Ali ibn Ebî Talib and the companions of Cemel had decided to make peace, he provoked the two sides into war with a secret night plan. Ideas such as "Rec'at, vasi, hulûl" put forward by Abdullah ibn Saba later flourished and formed the basic principles of today's Shiite belief. For this reason, knowing Abdullah ibn Saba and his ideas well will contribute to a clearer understanding of the nature of the Shiite belief.When historical sources in the literature are carefully examined, it is seen that both Sunni and Shiite scholars are in agreement regarding the existence and activities of Abdullah ibn Saba and historian Seyf ibn Ömer is not the only source of the narrations about Abdullah ibn Saba.With this research, the historical existence of Abdullah Ibn Saba, which is a controversial issue, is proven based on historical records and an objective review is carried out on his activities.