Optimization of coverage ratio by electromagnetism-like algorithm and elfes probabilistic detection model in wireless sensor networks,

ALİ, Nawzad Hasan. Optimization of Coverage Ratio by Electromagnetism-Like Algorithm and Elfes Probabilistic Detection Model in Wireless Sensor Networks, Master Thesis, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, 2019. Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) has been an important area of work, which has been studied by many researchers in recent years, in various applications that require national security, such as monitoring critical environments, detecting disaster situations, and monitoring the environment. Because of the perception, calculation and communication capabilities of the sensors that constitute the WSNs, their location within a certain area is made randomly because their energies are limited; both the area cannot be effectively covered and the energies of the sensors will be consumed excessively and the network life time will be reduced. In this process, the dynamic placement of the sensors in the field plays an important role in increasing the coverage of the network and ensuring the continuity of the perception of the area by extending the life of the network. The optimization of the coverage rates of the WSNs indicates that the targets in the relevant area are optimally covered by the distributed sensors and that these targets can be monitored by the sensors. Many studies have been proposed in the literature to solve the dynamic deployment problem of WSNs in an intuitive way. It has also been proposed in new approaches based on Electromagnetism-Like algorithms using both the Binary Detection Model and the Probability Detection Model. The aim of this study is to optimize the ratio of WSNs and to give a new perspective to the literature. In this thesis, it is aimed to make an effective dynamic distribution by covering the defined area of homogeneous and heterogeneous sensors composed of both mobile and static nodes. A new dynamic deployment approach was developed based on the meta-heuristic based Electromagnetism-Like algorithm for solving the area coverage problem in the WSN on a 2-dimensional plane and using the Elfes Probability Detection Model. The simulation of this approach in WSNs was carried out with Monte Carlo simulations performed in MATLAB environment. Experimental findings obtained; It has been shown that the approach developed for the field coverage problem is more effective compared to random distribution and that the optimal placement of the sensors in the relevant area is provided according to the coverage ratio reached and can be proposed as a dynamic deployment method. Key Words Wireless Sensor Networks, Area Coverage Problem, Sensor Dynamic Deployment, Electromagnetism-Like Algorithm, Elfes Probability Detection Model.