Factors that cause the informal economy and solution suggestions: The example of Türkiye

The concept of the informal economy emerges as a global problem that is the subject of research in terms of its scope, causes and consequences. Informal economy; ıt is defined as activities that are hidden from public institutions, cannot be recorded and therefore cannot be audited. The Informal economy, which is a complex structure in terms of its causes, consequences and operation; such as economic, financial, political, legislative, working life and socio-cultural etc. It appears in different dimensions on a country basis because countries have different characteristic structures due to different factors. While the size of unregistered economic activities is thought to be in the range of 10-15% of the gross national product of the countries in developed countries, it is thought to be in the range of 20-50% in developing countries. As a result of comparisons made with various economic communities and countries, it is seen that the informal economy rate in Turkey is higher than the averages of OECD and European countries. It is possible to say that the desired levels have not yet been reached in Turkey in the fight against the informal economy. In this study, it is aimed to determine the elements that constitute the informal economy in Turkey, to develop effective policies within the scope of combating the informal economy, and to partially or completely prevent the phenomenon of informal economy in Turkiye in line with these developed policies. In order to prevent the unregistered economy in Turkey, economic, financial, working life, socio-cultural, legal, etc. Large-scale regulations should be made in various areas. In this study, various solutions are proposed to prevent the informal economy in Türkiye by including the policies implemented in selected countries and economic communities that have achieved successful results in combating the informal economy. It is important to completely eliminate the problem of the informal economy, for which the country's economies have not yet been able to find a complete solution, or to reduce it to a reasonable level, to ensure stability in the country's economies in the medium and long term, to achieve a high rate of growth performance, and to have a stable and sustainable economic structure.