Histopathological assessment of local application of alendronate combined with ABM/P-15 in bony defects

ABSTRACTAs a result of periodontitis and periimplantitis, destruction occurs in the bone tissuearound dental implants and this destruction causes loss of teeth or dental implants.Although it is possible to stop the disease in traditional treatments, regenerativetreatments are applied to gain the lost tissues back. Successful results are obtainedwith usual bone grafts, still, combined treatments are necessary to increase theeffects of the treatment. In this study, alendronate sodium, one of the medicines ofthe bisphosphonate group, is used locally to increase the success of the bone grafts.Bisphosphonates prevent destruction of bones by affecting the bone metabolism andare used in the treatment of a number of diseases systematically. This study aims toinvestigate the effects of local use of alendronate sodium together with grafts, onbone formation and inflammation. With this purpose, experimental bone defects of30 mm diameter are formed in 30 rats. ABM/P- 15 bone grafts saturated withalondronate are placed in the defective region in the right mandibula, and ABM/P- 15bone grafts damped with only saline are placed in the left mandibula. The rats aresacrificed in the 2nd, 4th and 6th weeks. The sections obtained from the samplesare dyed with hematoxilene and eosine, and evaluated for inflammatory cellinfiltration, and osteoclast and osteoblast density. In addition, with animmunohistochemical research, inflammatory cells, osteoblasts and epithelial cellsare studied by cox-2 dying. The results obtained indicated that the local application ofalendronate sodium along with bone grafts increased the number of osteoclasts,decreased the number of osteoblasts and supressed cox-2 expressions.Key words: Alendronate, ABM/P-15, cyclooxygenase-2