A comparative approach to classical and contemporary commentaries in the context of kevni verses

This study, in which the interpretations of the verses of the Qur'an in classical and contemporary commentaries are examined and evaluated comparatively, consists of an introduction and two main parts. In the introduction part; the subject of the research, its importance and important figures working in this field are included. There are differences in interpretation of the Kevnī verses between the classical period interpretations and the modern period interpretations. In this study, the reasons for these differences in interpretation are determined. The signs of existence that occur in the external world of man are called "superficial constituent signs", and the signs of existence that occur in the inner world of man are called "substantive constituent signs". In this study, in order not to extend the subject, only the verses on the outer side were discussed and the subject was limited. Again, since classical and modern commentaries are quite common, the commentaries of many classical period commentators, such as Mukâtil b. Süleyman, Taberi and Râzî, were used here, and then the thoughts and comments of many modern commentators and Islamic thinkers, such as Tantâvî Cevherî, Elmalılı Hamdi Yazır and Süleyman Ateş, were included. In the first part of our study, where these interpretations are examined, it is revealed that the verses of the Quran are related to scientific interpretation and that the Quran needs to be interpreted with a contemporary understanding in order for today's people to understand it better. In fact, it can be seen that there are sometimes explicit and sometimes implicit references to some scientific and technological discoveries in the Holy Quran. These discoveries, which are thought to be indicated in the Qur'an, the contribution of scientific developments to the understanding of the universe verses, and the contribution of some universe verses to the development of science are discussed in this section. In an era when science and technology are advancing rapidly, it is obvious that it is necessary to speak to people in the language they know and understand, as it is difficult to introduce and explain the Quran to people using classical interpretation methods. In the second part of our study, this situation is taken into consideration; by dividing the verses of the universe into the main headings of "verses about the earth" and "verses about the sky", the explanations of the classical and contemporary commentators about the universe verses are examined and the role of scientific interpretation in the interpretation of these verses is tried to be revealed.