Investigation of the relationship between food addiction and childhood traumas in people

Food addiction (FA) is characterized by individuals' inability to control their consumption of certain foods, exhibiting classic addiction-like symptoms. It has become a significant research focus, especially among obese and binge-eating individuals. Various laboratory, clinical, and genetic studies support the clinical validity of FA, while neurobiological research highlights similarities in the reward systems involved in both obesity and substance addiction. Foods high in sodium, artificial flavors, and rich in carbohydrates have been shown to activate neural pathways similar to those triggered by addictive drugs. This study investigates the relationship between food addiction and childhood trauma (CT). Findings indicate that traumatic experiences during childhood, such as emotional, physical, and sexual abuse, increase the risk of developing FA. The prevalence of food addiction was found to be 9.3%, with the highest rates (15.5%) observed among individuals with morbid obesity. Gender analysis revealed a diagnosis rate of 10.3% for women and 6.1% for men, with men exhibiting higher tolerance scores in specific tests. Childhood traumas were identified as a crucial risk factor in the development of FA, with sexual abuse standing out as particularly significant. Economic status was also found to be a determinant, with lower-income individuals having a higher risk of FA, as 59.3% of those in the low-income group showed significant tendencies towards overeating. The Yale Food Addiction Scale revealed prevalent symptoms such as failed attempts to quit overeating (82.7%), tolerance (74.7%), and continued overeating despite negative consequences (61.3%). In conclusion, the study demonstrates that food addiction is a complex condition linked to various demographic, environmental, and psychological factors. It emphasizes the need for further large-scale, longitudinal research to develop effective prevention and treatment strategies for FA. Early intervention programs to mitigate the long-term effects of childhood trauma are essential for improving public health outcomes.