Determine the relationship between the size and the number of specimens taken with the cold biopsy forceps method from diminutive polyps and pathological results

Colorectal cancers are among the most common malignancy. These cancers usually develop on polyps. Most of the polyps detected by colonoscopy are diminutive ones. The scientific studies concerning the relationship blog are inadequate the removal of these diminutive polyps by cold biopsy forceps and histopathologic diagnoses. The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between the size and the number of specimens taken with the cold biopsy forceps method from diminutive polyps detected by colonoscopy and pathological results. In this descriptive study, 1554 patients who underwent diminutive polypectomy by means of the cold biopsy forceps method were included. Patients 18 years of age or older were included and a total of 4001 diminutive polyps were examined. The histology, location and size of each polyp was analyzed. The polyps were grouped as neoplastic or non-neoplastic. Pearson Chi-square and Kruskal Wallis tests were used in the statistical analysis. 51.8% of the patients were female and mean age was 59.8 ± 12.3 years (min-max: 21-95y) . While 17.5% of the patients had a family history of colon cancer or polyp, 16.0% of them had diabetes mellitus as a comorbid disease. 29.2% of the patients had a smoking history and 21.1% of them had used non-steroidal anti inflammatory drugs. 25.6%, patients complained of pain, 20.0% of abdominal swelling and 18.0% constipation at initialy evolition. In the study, 24.2% of all polyps examined were found to be in the descending colon and splenic flexura and the average polyp number was 5.7 ± 6.7 (min-max:1-43), 59.8% of the samples were between 0-3 mm in size and the average sample number was 1.5 ± 0.8 (min-max:1-5), also 55.8% of polyps were hyperplastic and 38% were tubular in nature. As the number of polyps increased, the frequency of serrated polyp diagnosis increased significantly (p <0.001). In addition; the number of tubulovillous polyps was significantly lower than other polyps types (p <0.001). İncresin of total sample size increased, the frequency of tubular, tubulovillous and serrated polyps was increased significantly (p <0.001). Compared to larger polyps, the diminutive polyps have a lower risk of malignancy, yet not risk free. As a result of this study, it is recommended to get larger tissue samples of polyps with the normal surrounding tissue in order to make a more accurate diagnosis.