Xanthan GAM-G-2-(N-Morpholino) ethylmethacrylate/titanium oxide based single and competitive application of the synthesis, characterization of new semi-integrated networked hydrogels, and surface of cationic dyes

The removal of organic dyes from industrial wastewater attracts special attention in terms of environmental protection and the continuation of living life. In this study, xanthan gum KsG-graft-poly 2-(N-morpholino) ethylmethacrylate (MEMA) based semi-interpenetrating hydrogels containing titanium oxide nanoparticles (TiO2) were synthesized by free radical polymerization method. KsG-g-poly (MEMA) and KsG-g-poly(MEMA)/TiO2%1.5 were used as an effective adsorbent for the removal of MB+ and CV+ dyestuffs from their single and double aqueous solutions by the adsorption method. The swelling ratio of KsG-g-poly (MEMA)/TiO2%1.5, which is one of the porous hydrogels, is 481.9%, while that of KsG-g-poly (MEMA) is 447.5%. The zero load point of the hydrogels was calculated as 7.8. In the removal behavior of dyestuffs from aqueous solutions, the KsG-g-poly (MEMA) and KsG-g-poly (MEMA)/TiO2 hydrogels were compatible with the Dubinin-Raduskevich (D-R) isotherm in the MB+ dye and the Freundlich isotherm in the CV+ dye. Kinetic studies revealed that the adsorption of both dyes with KsG-g-poly (MEMA)/TiO21.5% adsorbent fit the intraparticle diffusion model. In dual system studies, the percentage of removed of CV+ was found to be higher than MB+. Compared to the single system adsorption capacities, the removed amounts of both dyes are higher in the dual system. Accordingly, it was concluded that both dyes showed a synergistic interaction during their adsorption from CV+/MB+ mixed solutions. It was determined that the most suitable model for the adsorption of MM+ and CV+ dye mixtures was the pseudo-second order model. Even after the fourth adsorption-desorption cycle, the dye removal efficiency of the adsorbent was determined to be relatively high. KsG-g-poly (MEMA) and KsG-g-poly (MEMA)/TiO2%1.5 can be a valuable and reusable adsorbent in the treatment of multicomponent polluted water.