Global climate change and inevitable conclusions

In the last few decades (especially since 1990), due to the potentially serious impacts upon the atmosphere, earth, and ocean, the climate change issue become internationally disputable subject among climatologists, atmospheric researchers, oceanographers, hydro-meteorologists, agriculturalists, in particular, local administrators in addition to politicians, as well as the people at different aspects of the life. This situation directs scientists to research and to take measures by the governments and voluntarily combating social organizations. Finally, United Nations Framework Climate Change Convention (UNFCCC) and then Kyoto Protocol were signed in 1992 and 1997, respectively. Paralleling to the protocols, Intergovernmental Panels on Climate Change (IPCC) were organized and their reports were published. Many professional institutions have organized a great number of technical, scientific, and politic meetings, work-shop, and panel on this subject. These studies are needed to be classified and assessed. In this current study firstly, the answers of two essential questions are investigated: 1) what is the global climate change?, and 2) what are its main causes? Secondly, the comprehensive studies made on the problem are summarized and examined. Finally, these studies were classified according to their goals, were investigated in an impartial manner and inferences were made. It is hoped that, this study will particularly help the researchers in the screening of the literature about climate change studies.