Didactic poetry in Malian Arabic literature

The region where the Republic of Mali is located was called Biladüssudan region in the past. It consists of empires and states such as Ghana, Mali and Songay. In this region, different literatures, civilizations and cultures were emerged. Therefore, the current Republic of Mali includes three different literatures: traditional oral literature, which is the basis, main and ancient literature of Mali; It includes various proverbs, stories, poems and songs. Then follow Arabic literature and French literature.Arabic literature is considered to be one of the Malian oldest literatures. French literature came about eight centuries after Arabic literature. Hijri first centuries, Arab literature took place in the region along with the religion of Islam.The most common type of Arabic literature in Mali is didactic poetry. Didactic poetry, which emerged in order to facilitate the diversity of knowledge and the protection and organization of sermons, is of great importance in the Islamic world. Thus, it has become an integral part of Islamic education. Because of its importance, it is known by the scholars of Arabic literature under different names such as manzume poetry, şiʻru't-taʻlim (instructional poetry), Urcûze poetry and mutûnu'l-manzume. Didactic poetry is one of the most common forms of Arabic literature that Malians have paid attention to throughout the history of Islamic education. Didactic poetry in Mali began with the teaching of the Arabic language that came to the region with Islam. It developed in Arab Islamic centers in Biladüssudan (Mali) with Arabic education. Didactic poetry consists of religious sciences, fiqh, ethics, instruction and preaching literature, as well as medicine, astronomy and other sciences. Although didactic poetry consists of comprehensive knowledge and has gained great attention in the Islamic world, especially in non-Arabic Islamic countries such as Mali, today it has become a point of complaint for many Arabic language students. Because it is a difficult subject to understand. The reasons for these difficulties are; The frequent use of complicated words from the old classical books, the presence of a large number of Zarura poetry, the poets mostly use the words in the sentence in the form of introductions and texts due to rhyme. Consequently, these reasons make didactic poetry more complex. To relieve didactic poetry from confusion and to help the student understand easily, there are some methods to consider. Among those methods: To have sufficient knowledge about the subject of the poem; Didactic poetry becomes understandable to the extent that one has knowledge about the subject. It is necessary to pay attention to the place of Zarurashi'ri, not to precipitate to consider the poetry vocabulary as complicated, and to determine the beginning and the end of the sentence carefully before paying attention to the gap between Sadru'l-Beyt and Aczu'l-Beyt. Reconstructing the sentence into prose is a useful method for understanding didactic poetry. Didactic poetry in Mali is divided into two periods: pre-Republic and Post-Republic of Mali. Most of what was written before the Republic remained in manuscript and was not published. Therefore, the art of al-Hattu'l-Maghribi and Hisabu'l-cumali'l-Maghribi should be taken into account. In addition, didactic poets are divided into two as those who study Arabic with the traditional program and the modern program (academicians). We brought many examples of didactic poetry from the pre-Republic and post-Republic periods to Arabic Literature in Mali, especially in the field of Basic Islamic Sciences.