Biologic, serologic and molecular characterization of tospovirus on some vegetables and ornamental plants in the Marmara region

This study was completed in production areas for tomato, lettuce, chrysanthemum, gerbera and gladiolus in the Marmara Region (States and counties in Bilecik, Bursa, Çanakkale, Edirne, Kocaeli, Kırklareli, İstanbul, Sakarya, Tekirdağ, and Yalova) from 2012-2016. The identification of Groundnut bud necrosis virus (GBNV), Watermelon silver mottle virus (WSMoV), Groundnut ringspot virus (GRSV), Impatiens necrotic spot virus (INSV), Tomato chlorotic spot virus (TCSV), Chrysanthemum stem necrosis virus (CSNV) and Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) within the Tospovirus genus causing damage in this area, determination of infection rates in collected samples and molecular characterization of the viruses was performed with the aim of determining phylogenetic relationships. All of the 1034 collected samples were serologically tested with the DAS-ELISA method. Of 562 samples collected from tomato plants from 2012-2015, 41.10% were found to be infected with TSWV. The infection rates in different tomato varieties in Bilecik, Bursa and İstanbul were 69%, 64.74% and 52.94%, respectively. The infection rates for tomato varieties were 83.33% for Cibellia, 73.98% for Tybif, 66.66% for Sedir, 62.74% for Y65, 59.72% for Alsancak and 41.66% for Pembe variety. From 2014-2016 332 lettuce samples and from 2013-2014 140 leaf samples from gladiolus, gerbera and chrysanthemum plants were collected. Infection by the researched Tospovirus was not identified in these samples. BST1 isolate caused the formation of symptoms like chlorotic/necrotic stains, mosaic, deformation and shortness in herbaceous indicators Capsicum annuum L., Datura stramonium L., Nicotiana tabacum cv. Samsun and N. glutinosa L., BST2 isolate caused symptoms in Petunia hybrida L., and BYA4 isolate caused symptoms in Solanum lycopersicum L. and Arachis hypogaea L. After serologic and biologic testing, 486 plant leaf samples were chosen and analyzed with the Real-time RT-PCR method. 118 samples from tomato plants were identified to be infected with TSWV. Nucleotides and amino acid sequences from local TSWV isolates had similar rates and were much higher than the reference isolates recorded in the NCBI gene bank. With partial gene sequencing performed, 2 local isolates were recorded in the NCBI gene bank with temporary access numbers (ID:1939435 and ID:1939395).