Role of exosomal RNA's in breast cancer metastasis

Breast cancer is the most common cancer and the most common cause of death in women all over the world and also in Turkey. The reasons for this data ; along with changing living conditions, obesity, late births, short lactation periods, early menarche, late menopause, long-term hormone treatments, aging of the population, developing health system and studies in the field of preventive oncology can be counted as the increase in the number of diagnoses due to the increase in social health literacy. Small extracellular vesicles (sEV) released by our cells; In intercellular communication, they can contribute to the cancerization process by shaping the tumor microenvironment to develop tumor invasion and metastasis. Studies have shown that exosomes released from tumor cells have the potential to regulate and direct tumor progression, metastasis and angiogenesis. In our thesis study, exosomal RNA was isolated from the blood of our patients. The changes in the expression of lncRNAs, which we identified from the total RNA samples as a result of literature research, were converted into cDNA before being validated by real-time PCR. Additionally, a wound healing experiment was performed to observe the effect of exosomes released due to change in metastases on cell migration in MCF-10A cell lines. For comparative analyzes between our patient groups diagnosed with nonmetastatic breast cancer and breast cancer with different organ metastases, Onewayanova, paired and unpaired Student t-tests were applied using GraphpadPrism 8.0.1 and SPSS 22.0 programs. For the selected lncRNAs, it was observed that there was an increase in varying rates in our patient groups with different organ metastases compared to the non-metastatic patient group. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) show great potential as important players at different stages of breast cancer tumorigenesis, affecting cell death, metabolism, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), metastasis and drug resistance. LncRNAs are involved in different molecular mechanisms by regulating gene expressions and functions at transcriptional, translational and post-translational levels. In our study, we aimed to obtain results on whether lncRNAs, whose expressions are increased in patients with metastases, can be used as biomarkers, whether they contribute to tropism, whether they can provide new information to increase survival, and whether they will contribute to treatment, which will contribute to previous studies.