Investigation of the effect of calcium consumption by diet on the body composition and blood values in women with and without metabolic syndrome

ABSTRACTThis study is executed by totally premenopausal 146 women between 19 and 52 years old who have applied to Başkent University Ankara Hospital Endocrinology Polyclinics between August and December 2012. Women who have not used any drugs, vitamins and minerals are included in the study. Pregnant and lactating women, cancer and thyroid patients are not included in the study. In this study; it is intended to investigate the effect of calcium consumption by diet on the body composition and blood values in women with and without metabolic syndrome. Metabolic syndrome diagnosis is made according to ATP III criteria. A questionnaire form is applied in order to specify the general properties, nutrition habits and physical activity status of the patients. Calcium consumption is determined by using food consumption frequency form. Daily energy, macro and micro nutritional ingredient consumption are recorded via a 24-hour nutrition reminder form and the data obtained is assessed by using the BEBİS programme. The individuals are assessed in two groups as calcium consumption of <800 mg and ?800 mg. Serum Ca level is found approximately as 9.1±0.31 mg/dL in the case group and approximately 9.31±0.35 mg/dL in the control group (p<0.001). 82.5% of the women in the case group has <800 mg calcium intake per day and 78.3% in the control group has <800 mg calcium intake. By the Ca intake of the women included in the study; it is assessed whether there is any significant relationship is present with age, BKI, waist circumference, body weight, abdominal fat, body fat kg, LDL, HDL cholesterol levels or not. A negative correlation is found between the abdominal fat ( r= -0.175, p= 0.034), diastolic (r= -0.251, p= 0.002) and systolic (r= -0.279, p<0.001) blood pressures via the calcium intake. The difference is statistically found significant. Case and control groups are compared in terms of body fat %, abdominal fat kg, muscle kg, water kg and the differences are found as statistically significant (p<0.001). The serum calcium vii(p<0.001), parathyroid (p=0.244), phosphor (p=0.729) and vitamin D (p=0.222) levels of case and control groups are examined. The serum calcium level difference between the groups are found statistically significant (p<0.001), but on the other hand the differences in parathyroid, phosphor and vitamin D are statistically found insignificant (p>0.05).As a result of this study; it is observed that there is an inverse relationship between abdominal fat, tension and HDL cholesterol via calcium intake.Key Words: Metabolic Syndrome, Calcium, Premenopause, Vitamin D viii