Determination of the density of ryegrass species (Lolium spp.) in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) in Mus, Agri and Bitlis provinces, Turkey

It is said that farmers have some complaints about weeds in barley (Hordeum vulgare) fields in Muş, Ağrı and Bitlis provinces in recent years and it is said that ryegrass (Lolium spp.) Species from these weeds resist some ACCase inhibitor herbicides used in the region. In this study, it was aimed to determine the distribution of the ryegrass according to their species, density, frequency of occurrence, density of herbicides in the fields where they are dropped and unspent fields. For this purpose, surveys were carried out between May and July 2017. A total of 1000 specimens were taken from Barley fields, 250 from Muş, 700 from Ağrı and 50 from Bitlis. For the healthy conduct of the study, the herbicides were evaluated in separate groups as medicated and without medication. As a result of the work carried out, the highest density of İranian ryegrass (Lolium persicum Boiss. & Hohen. Ex Boiss.) Was found in barley areas (0.87 - 0.97 plants/ m2) while the density of English ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) plants/ m2). The Iranian ryegrass is the most intense (1.11 - 1.67 plants/ m2) in Mus.There was no significant difference between medicated and non-medicated fields.As a result, it is considered that Iranian ryegrass, which is not mentioned much before, is an important weed in barley growing areas and it may be an important problem in the region if it resists some herbicides. Keywords: Barley, Density, Frequency of occurrence, Weeds, Ryegrasses, Lolium spp.