The effect of school principals' leadership characteristics on teacher performance

This study was conducted to determine the effect of school principals' leadership characteristics on teachers' performance based on the opinions of teachers. The population of the research consists of 4672 teachers working in public and private schools in the province of Hakkari during the 2023–2024 academic year. The sample of the study includes 200 teachers working in the city center of Hakkari, selected through a simple random sampling method. The data were collected using a questionnaire entitled "Leadership Research," which consisted of two sections: "Personal Information and Institutional Data" and "The Effect of School Principals' Leadership Characteristics on Teacher Performance." In the study, five leadership types were addressed: transformational, ethical, cultural, visionary, and instructional leadership. As a result of the research, it was determined that school principals' leadership characteristics generally had a "agree" level of influence on teacher performance. Some specific leadership behaviors, however, were found to be effective at the "strongly agree" level. Among the leadership behaviors that teachers find most effective are the implementation of new ideas and views about education, ensuring the order and discipline necessary for effective education and training, ensuring that what they say is consistent with what they do, and incorporating moral principles and codes of conduct into the school culture.