Local dynasties and their histories in Eastern and Southeastern Anatolia before the Ottoman domination

The geography of Eastern and Southeastern Anatolia has hosted many civilizations throughout history; it has always had geostrategic importance with its strategic location, fertile lands, and being a transition point between the eastern and western worlds. Due to these features, it attracted the attention of various political structures; it has become an area of struggle to be included in the area of dominance. The geography of Eastern and Southeastern Anatolia was opened to Turkish settlement long before it was included in the borders of the Ottoman Empire. Although the Turkish population became prominent and dominant in the region, especially after the 1071 Manzikert Victory, there were local settlements before this date. However, mainly after the Victory of Manzikert, the Anatolian geography was largely accepted as a Turkish homeland, and during the period of Anatolian Turkish principalities; it continued under the administrative structures of Turkish states such as Karakoyunlu and Akkoyunlu. The Ottoman Empire completely dominated the region during the reign of Selim I. although activities to ensure Anatolian-Turkish political unity had begun during the reign of Sultan Bayezid I, this goal was interrupted after the Ankara War. However, following the accession of Sultan Selim I to the throne, Ottoman rule was established over the Anatolian geography after the Battle of Chaldiran in 1514 with the Safavid Empire, and a new administrative order was established under the name of yurtluk-ocaklık and government sanjak structure in the Diyarbekir Province, which was established in 1515. In this new order, the local lords who settled in the region recognized the Ottoman sovereignty and continued their existence as the lords who held the sanjaks and sanjaks under the Ottoman administration. Key Words:Osmanlı, Safevi, Karakoyunlular, Akkoyunlular, Palu, Cizre, Hakkâri, Çemişgezek, Eğil.