Pendik urban geography

This study, named Pendik Urban Geography, was prepared as a master's thesis with the methodology of human and economic geography within the scope of urban geography. The thesis consists of five chapters. In the first chapter, the physical geography conditions, on which the city was founded, were discussed. It has been revealed that it has most of the conditions necessary for the emergence of a settlement. In the second chapter, the history of the city is discussed. The study area, which was settled as a fishing village in the Neolithic Period, has survived under the influence of different civilizations due to its strategic location. Especially its defensive function and its location providing the connection with Anatolia had a significant impact on the continuation of the city's existence. Its convenient location for defense led to the positioning of military bases here during both the Byzantine, Ottoman and Republican periods. In the third chapter, the features of urbanization are emphasized. The population structure, which increased gradually until the Republican period, showed a sudden increase with the settlement of immigrants who came to Turkey in accordance with the agreement signed with Greece. The second important population increase was the result of the intense population movements of Pendik, which is located in the east of the Kocaeli Peninsula and therefore preferred in the selection of industrial facilities, after the industrial areas moved around Istanbul after 1950.In addition, the fact that it is located on important transit routes due to its location has revealed the existence of a continuous population movement here. In the fourth chapter, within the scope of settlement features, the relationship between the plan features of the city and the settlement area is discussed. In addition, housing types and neighborhoods which can be considered as the smallest building blocks of cities are discussed in terms of population, surface area and economic institutions in these neighborhoods that are important for the city. In the fifth chapter, the functions of the city are discussed. While air transportation adds a feature that distinguishes the city from other cities, it has led to the development and diversification of other functions. In the conclusion part, the general evaluation and possible advantages and disadvantages in the future are mentioned. Keywords: Pendik, City, Population, Settlement, City Function