Evaluation of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β)) and interleukin-39 (IL-39) levels in gingival crevicular fluid in periodontal healthy and individuals with periodontal disease

Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the levels of Interleukin-1 Beta (IL-1β) and Interleukin-39 (IL-39) in the gingival groove fluid (DOS) in periodontally healthy individuals with periodontitis and to evaluate the relationship between these cytokines with periodontal clinical parameters. Method: In this study is included 100 systemically healthy and non-smokers (50 periodontally healthy, 50 with periodontitis). Clinical periodontal parameters of all participants; plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), bleeding on probing (BOP) values were taken. DOS samples were collected and cytokine levels were determined by ELISA method. Results: DOS IL-1β levels were statistically significantly higher in the periodontitis group compared to the healthy group. There was a positive significant relationship between DOS IL-1β and all clinical parameters, PI (r: 0.429), GI (r: 0.570), PD (r: 0.559), CAL (r: 0.560), and BOP (r: 0.613) (p=0,001). There was no statistically significant difference between the groups with DOS IL-39 levels (p=0,956). Conclusion: IL-1β levels are significantly higher in the periodontitis group compared to the healthy group, and there is a significant relationship between IL-1β levels and clinical periodontal parameters. There was no significant relationship between IL-39 levels and groups and clinical periodontal parameters. Keywords: GCF, periodontitis, IL-1β, IL-39