Evaluation of silent information regulator t 1 (SIRT 1), forkhead box transcription factor 1 (FOXO 1) and forkhead box transcription factor (FOXO 3a) gene expression in trabecular meshwork in primary open angle glaucoma and pseudoexfoliative glaucoma

Glaucoma is a preventable optic neuropathy, usually accompanied by intraocular pressure increase, loss of visual field due to retinal ganglion cell degeneration. Several mechanisms are involved, including mechanical, ischemic, and oxidative stress that can cause ganglion cell loss in the glaucoma. In this study, we aimed to investigate the expression of SIRT 1 and FOXO 1, FOXO 3a genes, which are shown to be effective in oxidative stress mechanisms in trabecular meshwork, and to compare these two types of glaucoma with different etiopathogenesis in patients with primary open angle glaucoma and pseudoexfoliation glaucoma. Parametric and nonparametric tests were used in statistical analysis of the data and statistical significance was accepted as p <0.05.Correlation analysis between variables is evaluated. Statistical analysis of our study revealed statistically significant differences between SIRT 1 and FOXO 3a gene expression levels although, SIRT 1, FOXO 1 and FOXO 3a gene expressionwhich are known to be effective in oxidative stress in trabecular meshwork were detected at lower levels than the control genein both groups. In addition, there was a negative correlation between retinal nerve fiber layer thickness and SIRT 1 gene expression in primary open-angle glaucoma and FOXO 3a gene expression in pseudoexfoliative glaucoma. These results indicate that clarification of pathological changes due to oxidative stress in trabecular meshwork cells has an important role in preventing glaucomatous damage.