Rethinking modern international collective security and the road ahead of transformation of NATO

Although the collective security is defined narrowly with "ALL FOR ONE and ONE FOR ALL" idea, collective security can be defined as collective self-regulation: a group of states attempt to reduce security threats by agreeing to collectively punish any member that violates the system's norms. Collective security ideas have been essential for the alliances and peace all over the history. The collective security ideas emerged as the remedy for the human with the Enlightment thinkers and especially Immanuel Kant's Perpetual Peace book,. The first collective security system had put into practice with the League of Nations. But the necessities of collective security system couldn't be realized over the League of Nations and United Nations experiments. The bipolar nature of Cold War era forced the countries to unite under the collective defense organizations. Also UN had to change its mission and invented the peacekeeping operations. With the Berlin Wall fall down, collective security has revived in the First Gulf War experience. But the unstable nature of post-Cold War era had showed itself with the explosion of intrastate conflicts. This urged UN to gave collective security responsibility to regional security organizations. NATO has found its new mission over this agenda and performed its peace enforcement mission within its transformation process. NATO had enlarged its crisis management mission with its new security perceptions and new partners. The aim of the search is to show and emphasize the evolution of collective security within the NATO transformation process. In this context, the scope of the study is dealing with the historical evolution of collective security starting from the ancient ages up to today's transforming NATO. The theoretical roots of collective security are also examined in order to understand the political realities of collective security operations of today. At last NATO's transformation process main achievements over the peace support operations were explored in order to show the realities behind the collective security operations and the struggle over the NATO's European pillar. 14