Investigation of the antigenotoxic effect of extracts from some species of the rosaceae family against pesticide genotoxicity

In this study, it was aimed to investigate the elimination of the potential genotoxic effect of Metaflumizone (Mtf), one of the semicarbazone group insecticides, by leaf extracts of Laurocerasus officinalis (LO) and Agrimonia eupatoria (AE) plants belonging to the Rosaceae family, using Allium cepa root tip and Drosophila melanogaster wing somatic mutation and recombination test (SMART) systems. In the Allium test system, onion root tips were exposed to Mtf, LO and AE for 24 and 48 hours. At the end of the period, it was determined that pesticides, herbal extracts and their combined treatments caused changes in mitotic index (MI) and phase frequency values and chromosome anomalies. The results of the Allium test showed that the MI value decreased compared to the negative control depending on the dose increase in Mtf concentrations. It was found that LO and AE leaf methanol extracts at the concentrations determined against the genotoxic effect of Mtf reduced the genotoxic effect. In the SMART method, the genotoxic/antigenotoxic effects of Mtf, herbal extracts and their combined treatments were determined by SMART in 72±4 hours old transheterozygous larvae obtained from mwh♂flr3 standard crosses exposed at determined concentrations. Clone induction frequency percentages were evaluated in preparations prepared from developing adult Drosophila wings. In the statistical evaluation of different concentrations of Mtf, it was determined that clone induction frequencies increased compared to the negative control group. The results indicated that Mtf showed toxic effects in all experimental groups compared to the negative control in normal wings. In order to eliminate the genotoxic effect of Mtf, mixtures containing LO and AE leaf methanol extracts at different concentrations were added to the medium and the number of mutant trichomes on the wings of adult flies was evaluated by comparing with the control group. As a result, it is thought that by taking into account the negative effects of chemical pesticides, which have been used for many years, integrated control methods against existing organisms will be preferred and the environment and human health will be secured in a way. It is envisaged that the mechanisms and constituents of pesticides and the plants used should be defined in more detail so that they can contribute to an international alternative control.