Effect of smoking on regenerative periodontal treatment with pro-active glass and bovine porous xenograft in generalized agressive periodontitis patients

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of smoking following regenerativeperiodontal treatment in generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAP) patients with,enamel matrix derivative (EMD) combined with a bovine derived xenograft(SKKG)(EMD+SKKG) or EMD combined with a bioactive glass (BC)(EMD+BC)Twenty GAP patients 10 smokers, 10 non-smokers, mean age of 25±6.28, wereincluded in this study. In each patient, either maxilla or mandible was treated withEMD+SKKG and EMD+BC. Clinical and radiographical parameters were recordedprior to surgery and 8 months after treatment.Favourable clinical outcomes in soft and hard tissue measurements were achieved forboth treatment modalities when compared to baseline (p<0.001). At 8 months, in thedeepest site of the defect in the EMD+BDX and EMD+BC groups, smokers showed1.15±0.64 mm and 1.14±1.17 mm recession, 3.09±1.18 mm and 3.16±0.96 mm probingdepth reduction, 1.93±0.64 mm and 1.86±0.72 mm attachment gain, 1.24±0.33 mm and0.92±0.31 mm clinical bone gain, 0.58±0.31mm and 0.59±0.80 mm radiographic bonegain, respectively. On the other hand, non-smokers showed 1.10 ± 0.64 mm and1.14±1.23 mm recession, 3.55±1.07 mm and 3.43±1.30 mm probing depth reduction,2.17±0.61 mm and 2.0±0.69 mm attachment gain, 1.29±0.31 mm and 1.20±0.25 mmclinical bone gain, 0.69±0.37 mm and 0.60±0.75 mm radiographic bone gain,respectively.Overall, the results in this study demonstrates that both treatment modalities showed nosignificant differences in clinical and radiographic parameters between smokers andnon-smokers. Although these results do not concominate with the literature, this may bedue to the positive effects of EMD combined with graft materials on wound healing andtheir antimicrobial properties.