The concept of sin in Søren Kierkegaard's philosophy

The primary aim of this study is to examine the concept of "sin" in Soren Kierkegaard's philosophy. In this context, the first chapter explores Kierkegaard's life and fundamental philosophical concerns, focusing on his views on individuality, existence, his critique of Hegel, and his opposition to the institutional church. Subsequently, the concept of sin in Christianity is discussed, particularly through the notion of "original sin," which emphasizes the inherited guilt passed down from generation to generation from the moment of birth. As a Christian philosopher, Kierkegaard approaches the concept of sin not merely as an abstract idea, but as a dynamic element that directly influences both his life and writings. The second chapter delves into Kierkegaard's unique interpretation of sin, analyzing how he brings a new existential perspective to the traditional understanding of original sin. Within this framework, the individual's relationship with sin is examined through the concept of "anxiety," and Kierkegaard's reflections on whether Adam's original sin can be transmitted across generations are explored. The third chapter investigates the psychological dimension of sin in Kierkegaard's thought, particularly focusing on the concept of "despair." Kierkegaard defines the despair experienced by the individual as a form of sin before God. He sees the inability of the individual to become oneself in the presence of God as a manifestation of despair, characterizing it as a sickness unto death. In the fourth chapter, the possibility of overcoming sin through faith and love in Kierkegaard's philosophy is addressed. Drawing on the biblical story of Abraham, Kierkegaard evaluates faith from an existential perspective. He questions whether suspending ethics for theological reasons constitutes sin. According to Kierkegaard, many of the sins committed by the individual are concealed and forgiven through a divine form of love. This love acts as a safeguard, closing the paths that lead to evil. Ultimately, Kierkegaard identifies the source of this forgiving and transformative love as God. Keywords: Sin, anxiety, despair, faith, love