Investlgatlon of the heallng effects of frult and seed lyophilized extracts of syrlan mesqulte (Prosopis farcta) plant on streptozotocln (STZ)-induced experlmental diabetes in rats

The aim of this study is to investigate the antidiabetic and antioxidant effects of lyophilized extracts obtained from the fruit and the kernel of the grass (Prosopis farcta L.) (PF) plant in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. After the toxicity test, 49 rats were divided into 7 groups as 7 rats in each group. Experimental diabetes was generated by streptozotocin (STZ) [50 mg/kg, intraperitoneal (i.p.)]. The study was designed as Control (Control), Diabetes mellitus (DM), Diabetes mellitus+3 mg/kg Glibenclamide (DM+GLY-3), Diabetes mellitus+100 mg/kg PF fruit extract (DM+PfM-100), Diabetes mellitus+400 mg/kg PF fruit extract (DM+PfM-400), Diabetes mellitus+100 mg/kg PF seed extract (DM+PfÇ-100) and Diabetes mellitus+400 mg/kg PF seed extract (DM+PfÇ-400) groups. At the end of the treatments, every 5 days blood sugar levels and weekly body weights of rats were recorded during the 21-day trial period. he levels of serum AST, ALT, ALP, LDH, TC, HDL-c, creatinine (CRE), urea, uric acid, insulin and c-peptide, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and small intestine tissue α-glucosidase activity was determined as indicators of antidiabetic activity of lyophilized extracts. Also, CAT, SOD, GSH-Px, GST, GR, GSH enzyme levels and MDA content were determined as indicators of antioxidant activity in samples of kidney, small intestine, erythrocyte and liver tissue. According to the obtained results, the final weights of live animals decreased significantly in DM+PfM-100, DM+PfÇ-100 and DM+PfÇ-400 groups according to initial weights. In addition, AST, ALT, ALP, LDH, CRE, URE, uric acid, α-glucosidase and HbA1c levels were significantly (p≤0.05) increased in the diabetic plant extract supplement groups compared to the NK group. On the other hand, insulin, c-peptide and some antioxidant enzyme levels increased significantly (p≤0.05) in the DM+PfM-400 group compared to the DM group. In addition, MDA levels in the tissues decreased in the DM+PfM groups whereas increased in the DM and DM+PfÇ groups as comparet to Control. As a result; while Prosopis farcta L. fruit and seed extracts may have antioxidant effects, no definitive result has been found for the therapeutic effects against diabetic complications. Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, Prosopis farcta, Antioxidant, Antidiabetes, Rats.