Educational buildings in terms of sustainable architectural design and the Montessori method

The environmental destruction and loss of natural resources on the earth are affecting the human life and related structures as well as they affect the environment. The existence of the individual and humanity is in danger. Today, it is clear that the erosion, global epidemics and forest loss exist. It is seen that the living areas (especially for the educational buildings) used by humanity today should be sensitive to climate, culture and nature. This study has been carried out to emphasize and reveal how the educational buildings should be built with a sustainable architectural design. These areas have been discussed by taking into consideration of their extents in integration with nature. The use of daylight in educational buildings for children and young people with sustainable design principles has been investigated with the building examples. Educational buildings that offer clean air, use of low-polluting materials, comfort as hot water, and acoustic conditions associated with the landscape are emphasized. It is aimed to investigate how to design an educational structure that is sensitive to individual security, which provides a source of learning, good drinking water, sports and social opportunities. In this study, it is mentioned how the architectural design and living conditions in educational buildings have changed due to the current global epidemic. It has been researched that global epidemics arise from mistakes in the relationship between human and environment and how these mistakes should be corrected. In the earth, it is given less importance to the subject of sustainability, this is indicated with arising requirement for open air spaces in the pandemic period and the damage in nature made by human caused the appearance of pandemic. The issue has been emphasized due to the fact that the epidemic is related to sustainability. It is researched the aspects of sustainability and what could be done in the subject of sustainability for the design of educational buildings and the educational buildings are evaluated with examples. The examples of educational buildings are evaluated in the aspects of design and sustainability, the climate, nature and culture, the design of educational buildings and the precaution for epidemics. It is also important to raise awareness on this subject for children and young people, who are one of the keystones of sustainable architecture. The educational buildings and areas where they spend most of their time, are effective in the formation of this consciousness. The educational buildings' and areas' examples which designed in a sustainable manner, are examined in this study. It has been emphasized that the Montessori Education Method and the educational areas that are designed with this method would be easier for children to learn and to gain awareness about sustainability. In this context, it has been evaluated that sustainable architectural designs can reduce the negative effects of epidemics in global epidemics.