Comparison of the effects of hyaluronic acid, polylactic coglycolic acid/pluronic F127 and polylactic coglycolic acid/pluronic F127 fibroblastic growth factor combination on tissue in rabbit vocal cord by endoscopic examination and histopathological analysis

Unilateral vocal cord paralysis is a pathology that may cause hoarseness and shortness of breath, rarely aspiration during swallowing, and may progress asymptomatically. Injection laryngoplasty is the most frequently applied method in order to eliminate glottic insufficiency in patients, and the most commonly used material in this method is hyaluronic acid, and many biocompatible materials have been tried. In our study, it was aimed to reveal a new material with a longer duration of action than hyaluronic acid. In our experiment, a total of 30 rabbits, 10 in each group, were used and a follow-up period of eight weeks was planned. Group A was injected with Hyaluronic acid, Group B with PLGA/Pluronic F127, and Group C with PLGA/Pluronic F127 and Fibroblast Growth Factor. During the follow-up period, the animals were recorded by performing endoscopic examination on the 1st day, 1st, 4th and 6th weeks, and the rima openings were measured. At the end of the experiment, animals were sacrificed and total laryngectomy was performed, and the specimens were sent to pathology. According to the histopathological examination, mucosal and submucosal inflammation levels were found to be higher in the injected cords of all rabbits in Group A, Group B and Group C compared to the left vocal cords considered as the control group, and the result was statistically significant. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of mucosal and submucosal inflammation levels in the injected cords. In the first day and first month measurements, the widest rima aperture was obtained in group A, and the narrowest rima aperture was obtained in group C, and the results obtained were statistically significant. The narrowest rima glottis opening was observed at week 1 in all groups. In the light of these findings, it was determined that PLGA/Pluronic F127 and PLGA/Pluronic F127+FGF combination were biocompatible materials but did not have a longer duration of action than hyaluronic acid.