Habitat suitability modeling and mapping of bustard (otis tarda) species

Due to its large body size, the great bustard (Otis tarda) requires wide and open landscapes that allow it to move freely while maintaining a clear view of its surroundings. This species typically inhabits flat and expansive agricultural fields, steppes, and pastures, and breeds primarily in cereal-cultivated farmlands. The great bustard plays a vital role in sustainable agricultural practices. Specifically, juvenile individuals feed on harmful insects found in agricultural areas, thereby contributing to the natural pest control of these lands. Adult individuals, on the other hand, help clean up residual seeds after harvest, providing significant support to farmers. Given these ecological contributions, ensuring the long-term survival of the species is of great importance. However, a review of the scientific literature reveals that there is limited research on the status of this species within the Anatolian region. Moreover, the existing studies primarily focus on population size and behavioral observations. In contrast, contemporary approaches that utilize technological advancements to map and predict potential distributions of plant and animal species offer critical insights into both habitat conservation and population management, especially for threatened species. In this context, the present thesis aims to identify the potential distribution areas of the great bustard in the Inner Western Anatolia Region. Using the Maxent method, a habitat suitability model and distribution map for the great bustard were developed. The model (AUC: 0.982–0.965) was constructed based on variables such as elevation, slope, bio3, bio15, radiation index, and topographic position index. It is anticipated that the potential distribution maps produced through this modeling will serve as a valuable resource for the conservation of great bustard habitats in the Anatolian geography, where this species holds ecological significance.