Examining the effects of the national vocational qualification system in terms of occupational health and safety

The rapid advancements in industry and technology worldwide have resulted in the creation of new sectors in the business domain, thereby giving rise to new professional groups. Consequently, there has been a rise in the need for labor due to this situation. The diversification of production technology across different industries, the quest for alternative sources of raw materials, and the introduction of novel occupations have necessitated employees to transition into new professions or venture into unfamiliar domains. Insufficient knowledge and skills among employees in certain occupations have given rise to new and varied risk factors and hazardous situations. Developing occupational health and safety knowledge has become crucial for employees to safeguard themselves against potential hazards and risks. This study examined the correlation between the skills of workers in the construction business and their degree of knowledge regarding occupational health and safety. The exam results of employees who received both theoretical and practical exams, administered by a certification body accredited by the Turkish Accreditation Agency (TÜRKAK) and authorized by the Vocational Qualifications Authority (MYK), were analyzed in terms of General Professional Knowledge, Application Skills, and Occupational Health and Safety. The performance in these areas was then correlated with the respective competencies. Furthermore, to assess the influence of the employees' professional qualification level on occupational health and safety, a study involving questionnaires and interviews was conducted. The employees, who underwent both theoretical and practical examinations, were asked about the changes in their work lives before and after obtaining their professional licensing certificate. Using Social Security Institution (SSI) data, a comparison was made between work accidents that occurred after the vocational qualification application began and those that occurred previously. The analysis focused on assessing the number, frequency rate, and severity of these incidents.