Analysis of the relationship between attachment styles and anxiety levels and inadequacy feeli̇ngs in college students

Attachment behavior that is rooted in infancy and childhood have a crucial contribution in determining the personality structuring of people during adolescence and adulthood. It is thought that the level of anxiety and inadequacy, which is part of the structuring of self, and the manner in which one is able to manage these emotions are closely related to the attachment style established with the primary caregiver. In this study, the relationship between attachment styles, anxiety levels and inadequate feelings of university students were examined. The participants of the study are randomly selected university students between the ages of 18-25 studying in Istanbul. Relationship Scale Questionnaire, Trait Anxiety Questionnaire, Inferiority Feeling Scale Questionnaire and Personal Information Form were used as data collection tools. Nonparametric tests were used in the statistical evaluations as the scales did not show normal distribution. Difference between the two groups was tested using the Mann-Whitney U test and the intergroup comparisons of parameters for multiple groups was made using the Kruskal Wallis H test for comparison of qualitative data. Relationship between dependent and independent variables was examined by Spearman Correlation Test. According to the results, a positive relationship was observed between obsessive attachment style and inadequacy while there was a negative relationship between the attachment style and level of inadequacy. As level of inadequacy increased in individuals, level of anxiety also continuously increased. Fearful attachment levels of female students were found to be higher than fearful attachment levels of male students while secure attachment levels of male students were higher than secure attachment levels of female students. Level of discouragement was found higher in female students than male students. Level of trait anxiety in female students was found to be higher than in male students. As age of students increased, level of indifferent attachment increased and level of trait anxiety decreased. In the discussion, suggestions were made to researchers and field experts based on findings.