Research on the effect of cytotoxicity on SHSY5Y and U87MG nerve cell lines, CXCR-4 surface receptor expression and Na+/ K+ -ATPase activity of Walterinnesia morgani snake venom

Snake venom is a complex of many substances, including toxins, enzymes, growth factors, activators, and inhibitors, with a wide spectrum of biological activities and designed to affect vital processes, such as the function of nerves and muscles, the action of the heart, the circulation of the blood, and the permeability of membranes. The desert cobra W. Morgani venom contains highly neurotoxic and effective substances for cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. For this purpose, cytotoxic effects of W. morgani venom were determined on SHSY5Y, U87MG, Hela, MCF-7, HEK-293, A549, mPanc-96, Vero and PC3 cancer cell lines by MTT assay. Na+/K + -ATPaz activity was determined following treatment with different concentrations of W. morgani crude venom (IC 50 and 2xIC 50 ) by flow cytometry analysis on U87MG and SHSY5Y cell lines. Also, the venom effect on Na+/K + -ATPaz activity was performed via western blot analysis after cells exposure with different venom concentrations. Additionally, change of TEER (Transephitelial Electrical Resistance) values was determined in cultured colonal human intestinal cancer cells (CaCo-2). According to the cytotoxicity results, IC 50 values were determined as 1.02 and 5.53 µg/ml by MTT assay against SHSY5Y and U87MG cell, respectively. Flow cytometry analyses were shown that W. morgani venom triggered inhibition on Na + /K + -ATPaz activity in SHSY5Y and U87MG cells. Western blot analysis exhibited inhibition of Na + /K + -ATPaz in a dose dependent manner. Also, W. morgani crude venom reduced TEER values of CaCo-2 cell lines with increased membrane permeability. Further detailed investigations need to focus on isolation of active peptide from W. morgani venom.