The risc factors for mortality and prognosis of burn patients

Severe burn is a frequent cause of traumatic injury in all ages of the population, resulting high morbidity and mortality and considerable high economic costs. The aim of this retrospective study was to analyze risk factors for outcome in addition to the demographic and epidemiological features of 126 burn patients who were admitted to the burn unit of Akdeniz University Anesthesiology and Reanimation Department during January 2005 and March 2010. The population was commonly consist of male patients (n:89). The most common types of burns were mainly thermal injuries (61,9%) and respectively electrical injuries in men and teenagers, scald burns in women and children and flame burns in olders. The mean TBSA burned area was 35%. The mean age was 30 years. The rate of inhalation injury was 15,8%. The insidance of suicidal attempts and concommitant trauma was 5,6%. The most common complications were sepsis (37,3%), septik shock (23,8%), pnomonia (21,4%), ARF (18,3%), ALI/ARDS (11,1%), VAP (10,3%), kardiac failure (3,1%) and DİC. (2,4%). The average hospitalization period and mechanical ventilation time were median 6 (1,142) day and 1 (0,31) day respectively. The mortality rate was 30,4%. Septic shock and susequent multiorgan failure were the most common cause of death in patients with severe burns. The increase of burn TBSA area, inhalation injury, sepsis, septic shock, pnomonia and ARF were found to be the significant prognostic factors that increase the mortality, the mean hospitalization time and mechanical ventilation time (p<0,01; p<0,005). The knowledge of these prognostic factors will allow us to give right information to patients family, to avoid unnecessary treatment and to prevent the formation of poor outcomes by effective theuropatic strategies.