New media and ownershi̇p structure: An example of internet journalism in Turkey

In the early 1980's media ownership, state intervention and state under the monopoly of a controlled system was maintained. After 1980, the balance in the world changed. The neo-liberal trends of America began to show itself. This current spread to Europe and other countries. During the neoliberal period, many institutions and organizations in the monopoly of the state were sold and began to pass by the private capital. According to the neoliberal idea, institutions and organizations should act independently in a free market, which should not be the sovereign state, should go to private capital and the state intervention does not exist. English deregulation (kuralasizlastirma in Turkish) or privatization, the neoliberal current has ended its mission by selling almost all of state-owned institutions to private capital. Businessmen with large capital after 1980; innovations in communication technologies have found that the media is the "media" of the fourth great power after "legislation", "judiciary", "executive", and they have turned to media ownership for the sake of this fourth great power, even though their costs are higher than their profit rates. Traditional media owners; While media publications are growing stronger and growing with their non-media activities, they are also sensitive to innovations in the media sector. In this process we call new media ownership; media companies in the world and in Turkey are getting stronger and more intensified day by day, horizontal, vertical, cross and international integration. Bagdikian is talking about 50 media owners in the beginning of 1980, and he says that after 1980, he was steadily scarcely underdeveloped and that nowadays number of media owners are "down enough to fit in a phone club, and today there are only five major media companies governing the world". When we look at the new media ownership structure in Turkey, we are faced with a similar formation. Media owners who are strengthened in Turkey are becoming cartels and monopolies. They hold television, radio, portals, magazines, newspapers and distribution networks, which we call "traditional media owners", as media publications, as well as non-media activities. Traditional media owners are negotiating with other powerful media owners like themselves in the interests of their interests, and they become cartels. It is also monopolizing by not having a growing number of powerful media outlets. The crisis experienced in Turkey in 2000; led to the bankruptcy of media-owned businessmen, resulting in the removal of many journalists. The crisis of traditional media ownership, the suppression of competition, the suppression of alternative voices, the rapid progress of information technologies in the world and in Turkey, and the interest in the internet sites of the young population in Turkey, paved the way for the development of internet journalism and the formation of internet news broadcast groups. Traditionally, media owners have turned their internet sites into major news-sports portals by developing new media applications and new media platforms. The owners of internet newsgroups, who are professional radio journalists, authorship journalists and also computer engineers, have developed new media applications and new media platforms as well as news-sports portals, just like the traditional media owners. New media applications and the use of new media platforms by traditional media owners and owners of internet newsgroups have made news-sports portals in their premises to be among the most read in Turkey. The news-sports portals of traditional media and Internet news broadcast groups are presented in tabular form in the fourth chapter. In-depth interviews were held with traditional media owners and internet newsgroup owners. According to Alexa data; When we examine the first 30 news-sports portals of the traditional media groups and internet news broadcast groups in Turkey, we see that 18 news-sports portals are owned by traditional media and 12 news-sports portals belong to internet news broadcast groups. Apart from 12 news-sports portals, news-sports portals that try to grow by making an alternative voice and independent internet journalism attract attention. Traditionally, media owners have the power of media in cross-media and multi-news-sports portals. They also have the vast majority of the advertising pie in their hands. Internet newsgroups have progressed with horizontal, multi-news-sports portals. Although the internet started to share advertising revenue with television, the situation in Turkey has not progressed so much. It's on the verge of showing no improvement yet. Will Turkey be able to compete with traditional media groups and internet news broadcast groups that have the power of the paper in the future? The answer to the question is among the opinions of the owners of internet newsgroups that will depend on the legal regulations to be made in accordance with the wishes of the traditional media owners.