The impact of renewable energy sources on employment andeconomic growth in G20 countries in the context of green jobs

Although climate change has existed since the early days of humanity, it is known that there are local problems. Today, with the fact that mass production developed with the industrial revolution is based on fossil fuels, the dominant economic understanding today uses resources unlimitedly, the consumption society is encouraged and the negative effects of globalization and economic activities on the environment and climate increase, climate change has become a global problem that is acknowledged as a result of human activities and needs to be solved urgently. The fact that this dominant economic understanding loses its sustainability and constantly brings with it different crises (such as financial crisis, climate crisis) required the emergence of a new economic understanding. The concept of sustainable development and green economy has emerged to transform the current economic understanding into a more sustainable one. Green economy is generally defined as an understanding of economy that aims to increase ecological, social and economic welfare while ensuring sustainable economic development. In this study, it was aimed to examine the effects of the G20 group formed by developed and developing countries, which are significantly responsible for global environmental problems and have a great influence on policy making on a global scale, and renewable energy production, which constitutes a significant part of green jobs considered within the scope of green economy, on the economic growth and employment. In addition, this study revealed the effects of renewable energy production on the global economy and climate change through the green economy policies applied specifically within the G20 to combat global climate change and achieve sustainable development. In the study, the world bank data set was classified so as to be reduced to G20 countries, and the data were analyzed with the STATA 13 statistical analysis program. In the analysis, the effects of renewable energy production on economic growth and employment in G20 countries were investigated using the fixed effects regression model. It was concluded through the analysis that the increase in renewable energy production positively affects the economic growth and employment, which is statistically significant. These results reveal the importance of environmentally compatible economic growth in reducing unemployment and green policies in combating climate change and that renewable energy investments should increase in G20 countries.