Identification by classical and molecular methods of grape varieties grown in Yozgat province

The study was conducted between 2017 and 2020 in order to identification by classical and molecular methods of 50 grape varieties being grown in Yozgat province. Ampelographic definitions were performed using 128 criteria according to "Descriptors for Grapevine (Vitis spp.)" norms that have jointly published by BI (Bioversity International), OIV (International Organisation of Vine and Wine) and UPOV (The International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants), and valid worldwide to ensure international method unity. As a result of the definitions, important variations among the cultivars were revealed. "Reflexed stamens and fully developed gynoecium" flower structure was determined in 14 of the varieties. Molecular definitions were performed using 9 SSR primers (VVS2, VVMD5, VVMD7, VVMD24, VVMD27, VVMD28, VVMD31, VrZAG62 and VrZAG79) including 6 microsatellite loci used for grapevine variety collections by the European Union Research Project (GENRES 081) and accepted as the minimum standard set worldwide. According to the results of SSR analysis, 451 alleles were obtained of which 233 alleles polymorphic and the highest allele numbers were designated as 52 in the VVMD7, VVMD24, VVMD27, VrZAG62 and VrZAG79 loci; the average number of alleles was 50.11 (±1.306) and the average number of polymorphic alleles was recorded as 25.89 (±1.896). The mean of the expected heterozygosity (He) value was 0.932 (±0.005) and the average of observed heterozygosity (Ho) value was calculated as 0.481 (±0.082). Polymorphism information content (PIC) values ranged from 0.908 (VVMD31) to 0.955 (VVMD28) with a mean PIC value of 0.927. UPGMA clustering method was used to generate a dendrogram. Population structure analysis results showed that by compatible with phylogenetic analysis, the varieties were divided into 2 clusters. The genetic similarity rate among the cultivars changed between the range from 0% to 50%. The highest genetic similarity coefficient with a 0.50 was found between Horoz Üzümü and Karagevrek.