Determination of phenolic compounds and metals in the kenger (Gundelia tournefortii L.), gulluk (Eremurus tpectabilis M. Bieb.)and iskin (Rheum ribes L.) of the plant grown in upper euphrates basin

In this study, it was aimed that the determination of some phenolic acids, flavonoids and some important trace elements (Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn, Pb, Co, Ni) of kenger (Gundelia tournefortii L.), gulluk (Eremurus spectabilis M. Bieb.) and iskin (Rheum ribes L.) which naturally grown plants in the Upper Euphrates Basin. For this purpose, these plants were harvested from Diyarbakir, Elazig, Tunceli, Bingol and their around. The amounts of phenolic acids and flavonoids analyses were carried out by the HPLC equipment, the amounts of trace elements analyses were carried out by the AAS. Also, it was done that a closed environment microwave solubilization for trace elements. When phenolic acids and flavonoids quantities are evaluated in the analyzed plants; for rutin, the highest value is 415.26 ppm in iskin leaves, the lowest value is 62.13 ppm in kenger; for myricetin, the highest value is 172.22 ppm in gulluk, the lowest value is 2.50 ppm in kenger; for resveratrol, the highest value is 2.50 ppm in gulluk; also the resveratrol amount could not be determined due to its amount is below the detection limit. It was calculated that the highest kaempferol value is 530.46 ppm is iskin leaves, the lowest value is 120.18 ppm in iskin. Once the average trace element amounts are assessed in the samples; for Cu, the highest value is 20.68 ppm in the kenger; for Fe, the highest value is 2710.68 ppm in the iskin; for Zn and Mn, the highest values are 794.42 ppm and 61.38 ppm in the gulluk, respectively. In all the samples Co amount, in the iskin and iskin leaves Cr amount could not be determined due to their amounts are below the detection limit. When all the results were considered it seems to the highest flavonoid amounts have changed depending on the type of plant flavonoid. It seems to the variety of flavonoid with its amount are not proportional. For example, all the flavonoid types are present in the gulluk, their quantities are trace amounts than other plant species in terms of quantity. The amounts of trace element are different in each plant, but the same trace elements came close to one another in different plants. Consequently, the polyphenolic antioxidant content and the amount of trace elements may be attached to the soil property and grown region of plant. It can be said that the trace element amounts are less affected according to the phenolic compounds. Key words: Polyhhenoliccompounds, trace element, HPLC, AAS, Ni, Cu, Fe, gulluk, acanthus, iskin