Determination of performance of some standard apple cultivars budded on MM106 rootstock under ecological conditions of Yüksekova (Hakkâri̇)

This study was carried out to determine the performances of Golden Delicious, Granny Smith, Fuji, Mondial Gala and Red Chief apples varieties budded on MM106 semi-dwarfing rootstock widely used in apple cultivation in Yüksekova (Hakkâri) ecological conditions. In this research, which was conducted in 2017–2018, phenological, morphological, pomological and some chemical properties of the varieties and fruit and shoot growth conditions of the varieties were examined. Accordingly, it was observed that the full flowering date was changed between May 5 (Mondial Gala) and May 25 (Granny Smith), and the beginning of harvest was ranged between September 12 (Mondial Gala) and October 30 (Granny Smith). The time from full flowering to harvest was determined between 122 days (Mondial Gala) and 166 days (Granny Smith). In the cultivars, the yield per tree was determined among 2.61 kg (Red Chief) and 8.01 kg (Mondial Gala) in 2017, and 6.14 kg (Red Chief) and 18.11 kg (Fuji) in 2018. It was determined that fruit weight was changed between 140.29 g and 194.68 g, fruit size was ranged from 62.70 mm to 71.02 mm, fruit width was varied from 70.35 mm to 79.95 mm, the hardness of fruit flesh was changed between 15.87 lb and 18.24 lb, the amount of water-soluble dry matter was changed between 12.95 % and 19.20 %, the pH value was varied from 3.27 to 5.04, and the titratable acid content was ranged between 0.37 % and 1.15 %.