Application of the Istanbul engravings made in the late 18th century and early 19th century on ceramic and tile wall panels using under-glaze technique

Anatolia has been home to the common cultural heritage of humanity with its historical and cultural accumulation and has been instrumental in bringing the cultural heritage of various civilizations to the present day. It is important to protect this heritage and to convey this cultural accumulation to the future generations in Turkey and to introduce it to the other countries of the World. The objective of this study involves developing the 18th and 19th century engravings with new practices and techniques to ensure the preservation and continuity of cultural heritage and finding a wider field of study through interdisciplinary artistic studies. Decorating ceramic surfaces has offered rich alternatives in terms of diversity since Neolithic Age when ceramic production started. When you look at the art of engraving made in the 18th and 19th centuries, it is often seen that Istanbul paintings were transferred onto different surfaces such as paper, leather and fabric. The gravure printing technique that is done today is usually applied to the tile and ceramic body with the under-glaze technique, but it is also applied as over-glaze technique depending on the preference of the artist. Engraving practices in the tiling industry seem to be applied to such biscuit surfaces as plain tiles, vases and plates as a form. Examples of gravure panel applications made in under-glaze technique have been observed in many underground subways, airports, tourist attractions, and wall panels in public spaces throughout Turkey. Keywords: 18th and 19th century Engravings, Istanbul Engravings, Tile-Ceramic Engravings