Training phantom design and realisation for FULL HD 2 dimensioanal (2D) and 3 dimensional (3D) laparoscopic systems

Laparoscopic surgery is a method, which is frequently preferred today because of shortened recovery period, patient comfort and use of minimally invasive surgical techniques compared to open surgery. Laparoscopic systems also are useful for patients undergoing operation as well as convenience for surgeons. Shortened operation duration, thus lesser exposure to anesthetic agents in patients who receive anesthesia, and preventing workforce loss by shortened recovery period are among the advantages of laparoscopic systems. Imaging system in laparoscopic cases is crucial. It is now possible to perform more detailed and more rapid laparoscopy especially by implementation of high definition and 3-dimensional systems, which are developed by current industry for medical sector. Within the next years, FULL HD 3D laparoscopic systems will become a standard; it will be possible for surgeons to perform this procedure rapidly and comfortably while either manipulating or suturing by these systems. FULL HD 3D laparoscopic systems appeal to surgeon's feeling of perspective; thus cauterization and coagulation procedures are performed in a shorter time and more successfully for patients. The physician, who will perform laparoscopic surgery, has to be trained about either using laparoscopic hardware or applying operation techniques before surgery. These trainings are carried out on hardware-weighted and software-weighted training simulators, which are called as phantom and simulating the patient. Within the scope of this thesis, a new training phantom (training box) will be designed and carried out for training of surgeons, who will perform laparoscopic surgery. On this phantom, FULL HD 2D and FULL HD 3D laparoscopy systems will be tried and the successes of these systems will be compared especially on sutured platform. The simulator, which will be designed as training phantom, will be a training platform where a surgeon can suture and perform dissection and manipulation. The durations and difficulty levels of all procedures, which are made by FULL HD 2D and FULL HD 3D laparoscopy systems by students of faculty of medicine and surgeons, who will train on this platform, will be measured and compared.