Xenophobia as a reflection of the native-foreign relationship in the 21st century

The concept of foreigner has entered the sociology literature with Simmel as a social type which is embodied in the merchant and produces a form of positive relationship. Subsequent studies have defined the foreigner in a way that produces different forms of relationship and corresponds to different social categories. In the 21st century, the foreigner appears to be embodied in the immigrant that produces a form of negative relationship. The foreigner, which has become the object of natives' speech of fear today, is constructed in a negative context that threatens the life of the natives. What makes the foreigner distinctive in today's society is that it is the target of social fears and anxieties not only in times of social crisis and chaos, but also in all kinds of daily life experiences. This situation has brought xenophobia as a reflection of native-foreign relationship in the 21st century into the forefront. This study has examined the typical situation of the foreigner who is in the lands of the native and tries to interpret the native's cultural pattern and the xenophobic attitude of the native that he developed against this request of the foreigner within the framework of general interpretivist theory. In the study, the rise of xenophobia has been analyzed at the micro level focusing on individual relations, not through macro approaches examining the migration policies applied. The reason why xenophobia comes to the fore today can be understood through the risks, fears and uncertainties that constitute the dynamics of individual relations within the social situation of the 21st century. Xenophobia has become a form of coping with foreigners in today's societies where these concepts are dominant. It is thought that the negative connotation of the foreigner is gradually becoming cast in cement in the social situation we are in -with the uncertainties experienced by the neoliberal subject, the risk that has become a daily life form, the culture of fear and securitization speeches. Keywords: 21st Century, Uncertainty, Fear, Risk, Forigner, Native, Xenophobia