Evaluation of nutritional intake and nutritional habits ofTYPE1 diabetic children and adolescents between 5-18 years

It has been reported that metabolic control improves, optimal goals in growth and development are achieved and the development of complications in children with diabetes is prevented by adequate and balanced nutrition. For this reason, in our study, it was aimed to make inferences related to metabolic control and nutritional status by investigating demographic, infancy and nutrition information of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Children aged 5-9.9 and adolescents aged 10-18 (total 127 participants) were included in the study who were diagnosed with type 1 diabetes at least six months ago. Information on diabetics was obtained by examining a questionnaire and file. Body weight and height measurements were taken by an oxologist, and BMI and SDS values were evaluated according to the standards developed by Neyzi et al for Turkish children. Daily energy and nutrient intakes of individuals were obtained with 3-day food consumption record forms. Assistance was received from Bebis program 8.1 version for evaluating food consumption records. The obtained results were evaluated in accordance with Turkey Nutrition Guide and ISPAD proposal. Consuming energy and nutrients between 66% and 100% was accepted as intake at the recommended level. Statistical analysis of the study was performed using the SPSS 22.0 package program. As a result of our study, it was found that children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes consume carbohydrate, protein and sodium mineral above the recommendations in their daily diet; it was observed that the consumption of fiber and iron mineral was insufficient. This situation endangers the healthy growth and development of children with type 1 diabetes. Food consumption records should be checked regularly every three months, compared with recommendations, and nutrition training should be given by an experienced dietician when necessary. In this way, it should be aimed to prevent future complications by improving glycemic control and blood parameters.