The change of women's social and political positions in the last century in Afghanistan

The aim of this study is to discuss the today's Afghanistan society and situation of women and their position in social and political fields in the historical process, which is one of the issues discussed in and the world public opinion, from a sociological perspective. Throughout the history of Afghanistan, women have never been given a stable right or freedom in the country; on the contrary, women's rights were limited to the level of education of the person or persons holding the administration in line with their worldview. In other words, while some administrations have tried to provide the status and rights which were women's truely rights to women, on the other hand other administrations have straithly ignored women's rights. However, women constitute other half of society and their role in society and politics is undeniable. Political and social participation of women should be prioritized in societies where the dark justifications of traditions, interactions, local customs or religious values prevail. In the study, the social and political lives of women were examined from the independence of Afghanistan in 1919 (King Amanullah Khan's era) until 2021. The resources and materials used in this research were taken from both Afghanistan and Turkey, as well as the activities and sociological lives of Afghan women activists are closely examined to contribute more for the evaluation of the subject. According to different resources, Afghan women with traditional attitudes are deprived of natural education rights as well as social and political rights. Having said that, women in Afghanistan can still be active contributors in society and politics both as mothers, wives, and sisters and public figures. As a result of the change and development in social, political and cultural fields, rapid and positive steps have been taken in the education of women with the great help of the UN. These steps has paved the way for activist women to engage in more activities in the public and political sphere. Keywords: Afghanistan, İdentity, Status, Activism, Woman